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To termites, any violation of the tunnels or nests is a cause for alarm. When termites detect a potential breach, the soldiers usually bang their heads, apparently to entice different troops for defence and also to recruit additional employees to repair any breach.56 Additionally, an alarmed termite lumps into other termites that causes them to become alarmed and to leave pheromone trails to the distressed area, which is also a way to recruit extra workers.56.

The pantropical subfamily Nasutitermitinae has a specialised caste of soldiers, known as nasutes, that have the capability to exude noxious fluids via a horn-like frontal projection they utilize for defence.155 Nasutes have dropped their mandibles through the course of evolution and have to be fed by employees.59 A vast array of monoterpene hydrocarbon solvents have been identified in the fluids which nasutes secrete.156 Similarly, Formosan subterranean termites have been known to secrete naphthalene to safeguard their nests.157.

Soldiers of those species Globitermes sulphureus commit suicide by autothysis  rupturing a large gland just beneath the surface of their cuticles. The thick, yellow fluid in the gland gets quite tacky on contact with the air, entangling ants or other insects that are trying to invade the nest.158159 Another termite, Neocapriterme taracua, also engages in suicidal defence.

When soldiers guarding nest entrances are attacked by intruders, they engage in autothysis, creating a block which denies entry to any outsider.161.

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Workers use several different strategies to take care of their dead, including burying, cannibalism, and avoiding a corpse entirely.162163164 To prevent pathogens, termites occasionally engage in necrophoresis, in which a nestmate carries a corpse in the colony to dispose of it everywhere.165 Which approach is used depends on the nature of this corpse a employee is dealing with (i.e.

A species of fungus is known to mimic termite eggs, successfully avoiding its natural predators. These small brown balls, known as"termite balls", seldom kill the eggs, and in some cases the employees tend to them.166 This fungus mimics these eggs by producing a cellulose-digesting enzyme known as glucosidases.167 A unique mimicking behavior exists between various species of Trichopsenius beetles and certain particular species within Reticulitermes.

This chemical mimicry makes it possible for the beetles to integrate themselves within the termite colonies.168 The developed appendages on the physogastric abdomen of Austrospirachtha mimetes enables click site the beetle to mimic a termite worker.169.

Some species of ant are known to capture termites to utilize as a fresh food source later on, rather than killing them. By way of instance, Formica nigra captures termites, and people who attempt to escape are instantly captured and driven underground.170 Certain species of ants in the subfamily Ponerinae conduct these raids although other ant species go in alone to steal the eggs or nymphs.146 Ants such as Megaponera analis assault the exterior of mounds and Dorylinae ants assault underground.146171 Despite this, some termites and ants can coexist peacefully.

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54 species of ants are known to inhabit Nasutitermes mounds, both inhabited and abandoned ones.174 One reason many ants live in Nasutitermes mounds is a result of the termites' frequent occurrence in their own geographical range; another is to shield themselves from floods.174175 Iridomyrmex also inhabits termite mounds but no evidence for any kind of relationship (other than the usual predatory one) is known.116 In rare cases, certain species of termites live inside active ant colonies.176 Some invertebrate organisms such as beetles, caterpillars, flies and millipedes are termitophiles and dwell inside termite colonies (they are unable to survive independently).56 As a consequence, certain beetles and flies have evolved with their hosts.

Mounds may also provide shelter and heat to birds, lizards, snakes and scorpions.56.

Termites are known to transport pollen and frequently see blossoms,177 so are considered as have a peek here potential pollinators for any number of flowering plants.178 One flower in particular, Rhizanthella gardneri, is regularly pollinated by foraging employees, and it's perhaps the only Orchidaceae blossom in the world to be pollinated by termites.177

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Many plants have developed powerful defences against termites. But, seedlings are vulnerable to termite attacks and need additional protection, as their defence mechanisms only grow when they have passed the seedling phase.179 Defence is normally accomplished by secreting antifeedant compounds into the woody cell walls.180 This reduces the ability of termites to efficiently digest the cellulose.

When kept near the extract, they become disoriented and eventually perish.181.

Termite populations can be substantially influenced by environmental changes including those caused by human Visit This Link intervention. A Brazilian research investigated the termite assemblages of 3 sites of Caatinga under different levels of anthropogenic disturbance in the semi-arid region of northeastern Brazil were sampled using 65 x 2 m transects.182 A total of 26 species of termites had been present in the 3 sites, and 196 encounters were recorded in the transects.

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